What is GERD? - Chatham, NJ Dentist
Gastroesophageal reflux disease, commonly referred to as GERD, or acid reflux, is a condition in which the liquid content of the stomach regurgitates (backs up, or refluxes) into the esophagus, and often beyond, into the oral cavity. The liquid can inflame and damage the lining of the esophagus, and can gradually erode the enamel surfaces of the teeth.
The refluxed contents typically contain acid and pepsin that are produced by the stomach. The regurgitated liquid also may contain bile that has backed up into the stomach from the small intestine. Acid is the most injurious component of the refluxed liquid. and it is the one thing we are concerned with as it relates to the erosion of teeth.
GERD is a chronic condition. Once it begins, it usually is life-long. If there is injury to the lining of the esophagus (esophagitis), this also is a chronic condition. Moreover, after the esophagus has healed with treatment and treatment is stopped, the injury will return in most patients within a few months. Once treatment for GERD is begun, therefore, it usually will need to be continued indefinitely.
Actually, the reflux of the stomach's liquid contents into the esophagus occurs in most normal individuals. In fact, one study found that reflux occurs as frequently in normal individuals as in patients with GERD. In patients with GERD, however, the refluxed liquid contains acid more often, and the acid remains in the esophagus longer. Sometimes, it reaches the area of the tonsils, and can create ulcerations.